Месяц: 1ТП1Ц

The citizenship fair organised in Malta on 29th to 31st October within the project TIC TAC was a great success. Around 100 participants coming from the wide Europe attended the 3 days conference dedicated to active citizenship and democracy in Europe.

This event was the final event of the project TIC TAC, which aimed at increasing awareness about the European Union, the Europe for Citizens Programme and opportunities for increasing citizen participation at local and European level.  It was involving 23 local authorities and civil society organisations coming from Albania, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Macedonia, Malta, Romania, Slovakia and Spain.

Imislawa Gorska, Vice President of ALDA, chaired the first day of conference and presented the work of ALDA and the TIC TAC project. Then Mr Jimmy Magro, Executive Director of Local Councils Association in Malta, and co-organizer of the event welcomed participants. Dr Stefan Buontempo, Main Spokesperson for Local Government, Labour Party and Dr. Beppe Fenech Adami, Parliamentary Assistant, Ministry of the Interior of Malta took successively the floor. Ms Mary Gaerty closed the session with a presentation of the Council of Woman in Malta, which is an organisation aiming at empowering women in the island.

The second day was articulated around 8 workshops covering different aspects of citizens participation at local and European level and presenting tools for increasing this participation in the old continent. The first part was dedicated to the cooperation between local authorities and civil society organisations through town twinning and decentralised cooperation. Three workshops presented tools to encourage citizens’ involvement, such as the Europe for Citizens Programme, volunteering and the European Citizens Initiative (ECI). Mr Gerald Häfner, Member of the European Parliament, stressed on the crucial importance that European citizens take the opportunity of the ECI to discuss the main issues and challenges faced by Europe above the frontiers. The democracy in Europe will therefore be stronger.

TIC TAC partners were strongly involved in the event. For example, the Leafair Community Association organised a workshop showing how they work in Ireland for integrating people in local communities while  the Centre for Institutional Development (Macedonia) presented their best practices and shared their experience in increasing the direct citizen participation in decision making process at local level. The Association for European Partnership coming from Bulgaria organised a workshop on the solidarity between generations.
In parallel to the workshops, a fair was organised and TIC TAC partners held a stand, where they could promote their activities and share their experiences with participants.
During the third day, Antonella Valmorbida, Director of ALDA presented the strategy 2014-2020 for the Europe for Citizens Programme. The event was closed with a speech made by Mr Cohen , President of the LCA Malta. Biljana Zasova, Senior Coordinator of projects in ALDA made the synthesis of this three days conference and closed the event by reminding the crucial role of citizens participation for a strong democracy in Europe.

UNA FIERA DELLA CITTADINANZA ED UNA CONFERENZA INTERNAZIONALE HANNO CHIUSO IL PROGETTO TIC TAC, (Malta, 29 – 31 Ottobre)

La Fiera della cittadinanza organizzata a Malta il 29-31 ottobre nell’ambito del progetto TIC TAC è stata un grande successo. Circa 100 partecipanti provenienti da tutta Europa hanno partecipato alla conferenza di tre giorni dedicati alla cittadinanza attiva e della democrazia in Europa.
Questi sono stati gli eventi finali del progetto TIC TAC, che mirava ad accrescere la consapevolezza circa l’Unione europea, l’Europa per i cittadini e le opportunità per aumentare la partecipazione dei cittadini a livello locale ed europeo. E ‘stato partecipato da 23 autorità locali e organizzazioni della società civile provenienti da Albania, Belgio, Bulgaria, Repubblica Ceca, Danimarca, Francia, Irlanda, Italia, Macedonia, Malta, Romania, Slovacchia e Spagna.
Imislawa Gorska, Vice Presidente di ALDA, ha presieduto il primo giorno della conferenza e presentato il lavoro di ALDA e il progetto TIC TAC. Poi il signor Jimmy Magro, direttore esecutivo dell’Associazione dei Consigli Comunali di Malta, e co-organizzatore della manifestazione ha dato il benvenuto ai partecipanti. Stefan Buontempo, portavoce principale degli enti locali (Partito Laburista) e Beppe Fenech Adami, assistente parlamentare, Ministero degli Interni di Malta hanno preso successivamente la parola. Mary Gaerty ha chiuso la sessione con una presentazione del Consiglio della donna a Malta, che è un organizzazione che lavora per l’emancipazione delle donne dell’isola.
La seconda giornata è stata articolata intorno a otto workshop sui diversi aspetti della partecipazione dei cittadini a livello locale ed europeo e sugli strumenti con la presentazione degli strumenti per aumentare questa partecipazione nel vecchio continente. La prima parte è stata dedicata alla cooperazione tra le autorità locali e le organizzazioni della società civile attraverso gemellaggi e la cooperazione decentrata. Tre seminari hanno presentato gli strumenti per favorire la partecipazione dei cittadini, come ad esempio il programma Europa per i cittadini, il volontariato e l’Iniziativa dei cittadini europei (ECI). Gerald Häfner, membro del Parlamento europeo, ha sottolineato l’importanza che i cittadini europei colgano l’opportunità d questo strumento per discutere i principali problemi e le sfide l’Europa oltre le frontiere. La democrazia in Europa sarà quindi più forte.
I partner del progetto TIC TAC sono stati fortemente coinvolti nell’evento. Ad esempio, la “Leafair Community Association” ha organizzato un seminario per dimostrare come lavorano in Irlanda per l’integrazione dei cittadini nelle comunità locali, mentre il “Centro per lo Sviluppo Istituzionale” (Macedonia) ha presentato le migliori pratiche e condiviso la propria esperienza per aumentare la partecipazione diretta dei cittadini al processo decisionale a livello locale. L’Associazione per il partenariato europeo (Bulgaria) ha organizzato un seminario sulla solidarietà tra le generazioni.
In parallelo ai workshop, una fiera è stata organizzata e i partner del progetto TIC TAC partner hanno avuto a disposizione uno stand per promuovere le loro attività e condividere le loro esperienze con i partecipanti.
Durante il terzo giorno, Antonella Valmorbida, Direttrice di ALDA ha presentato la strategia 2014-2020 per l’Europa per i cittadini. L’evento è stato chiuso con un discorso pronunciato dal Presidente della Local Council Association di Malta, Michael Cohen.
Biljana Zašová, Coordinatore senior di progetti nel ALDA ha fatto la sintesi dei tre giorni di lavori e chiuso l’evento ricordando il ruolo fondamentale della partecipazione dei cittadini per una democrazia forte in Europa.

UNE FOIRE DE LA CITOYENNETE ET UNE CONFERENCE INTERNATIONALE ONT CLOTURE LE PROJET TIC TAC (Malte, 29-31 Octobre)

La foire de la citoyenneté organisée à Malte, du 29 au 31 octobre, dans le cadre du projet TIC TAC a été un grand succès. Environ 100 participants venus de toute l’Europe ont participé à une conférence de 3 jours dédiée à la citoyenneté active et la démocratie en Europe.

Cet événement était l’événement final du projet TIC TAC dont l’objectif est d’augmenter la connaissance de l’Union Européenne, du Programme Europe pour les Citoyens et de mettre en avant les opportunités de stimulation de la participation citoyenne au niveau local et européen. Le projet rassemble 23 partenaires (autorités locales et organisations de la société civile) venant d’Albanie, de Belgique, de Bulgarie de la République Tchèque, du Danemark, de France, d’Irlande, d’Italie, de Macédoine, de Malte, de Roumanie, de Slovaquie et d’Espagne.

Imislawa Gorska, Vice Présidente de l’ALDA, a présidé le premier jour de conférence et a présenté le travail de l’ALDA, ainsi que le projet TIC TAC. Puis, Jimmy Magro, directeur exécutif de l’association des conseils locaux de Malte (LCA Malta), et coorganisateur de l’événement, a souhaité la bienvenue aux participants. Dr Stefan Buontempo, porte parole principal pour les gouvernements locaux au sein du parti travailliste maltais, et Dr Beppe Fenech Adami, assistant parlementaire au sein du ministère de l’intérieur maltais, ont successivement pris la parole. Mme Mary Gaerty a clôturé la session en présentant le conseil des femmes de Malte, organisation visant à renforcer le pouvoir des femmes sur l’île de Malte.

Le deuxième jour était articulé autour de 8 ateliers de travail couvrant différents aspects de la participation citoyenne au niveau local et européen et présentant des outils pour stimuler la participation citoyenne sur le vieux continent. La première partie a été dédiée à la coopération entre les autorités locales et les organisations de la société civile à travers les jumelages et la coopération décentralisée. Trois ateliers ont mis en lumière des outils pour encourager la participation citoyenne, tels que le programme Europe pour les Citoyens, le volontariat et l’initiative citoyenne européenne. M. Gerald Häfner, député européen, a insisté sur l’importance que les citoyens européens se saisissent de l’opportunité offerte par l’initiative citoyenne européenne pour discuter des principaux défis et questions auxquels l’Union doit faire face au-delà de ses frontières. Selon lui, la démocratie n’en sortira que renforcée.

Les partenaires de TIC TAC ont été pleinement impliqués dans l’organisation de l’événement. Par exemple, Leafair Community Association a organisé un atelier de travail pour montrer comment ils travaillent, en Irlande, à l’intégration des communautés locales. Le centre de développement institutionnel, (CIRA), organisation macédonienne, a présenté ses bonnes pratiques et partagé son expérience en matière de stimulation de la participation citoyenne dans la prise de décision publique au niveau local.  L’association pour un partenariat européen (Bulgarie), a quant à elle, organisé un atelier de travail sur la question de la solidarité intergénérationnelle.

En parallèle des ateliers, une foire a été organisée, dans laquelle les partenaires de TIC TAC ont tenu un stand pour promouvoir leurs activités et partager leurs expériences avec les participants.

Lors du dernier jour, Antonella Valmorbida, Directeur de l’ALDA, a présenté la stratégie 2014-2020 du programme Europe pour les citoyens. Mr Cohen, Président de l’Association des conseils locaux de Malte est intervenu dans la matinée. Mme Biljana Zasova, coordinatrice de projets senior à l’ALDA, a fait la synthèse de ces trois jours de travail et a conclu l’événement en rappelant le rôle crucial que les citoyens ont a joué pour une démocratie plus forte en Europe.

ЯРМАРКА ГРАЖДАНСТВА И МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ ЗАКРЫВАЛИ ПРОЕКТ TIC TAC, (Мальта, 29 – 31 октября)

Ярмарка гражданства, организованная на Мальте с 29 по 31 октября в рамках проекта TIC TAC, имела огромный успех. Около 100 участников, съехавшихся со всей Европы, посетили трехдневную конференцию, посвященную активной гражданской позиции и демократии в Европе.

Данное мероприятие было последним в проекте TIC TAC, его цель повышение информированности о Европейском Союзе, программе «Европа для граждан» и возможностях увеличения участия граждан на местном и европейском уровне.  В нем участвовали 23 органа местного самоуправления и организации гражданского общества из Албании, Бельгии, Болгарии, Чешской Республики, Дании, Франции, Ирландии, Италии, Македонии, Мальты, Румынии, Словакии и Испании.
Имислава Гурска (Imislawa Gorska), Вице-президент Ассоциации ALDA, председательствовала в первый день работы конференции, она представила работу Ассоциации ALDA и проект TIC TAC. Затем г-н Джимми Магро (Jimmy Magro), Исполнительный директор Ассоциации местных советов Мальты и соорганизатор мероприятия, приветствовал участников. Д-р Стефан Буонтемпо (Stefan Buontempo), Главный спикер местного Правительства, представитель Лейбористской партии, и д-р Беппе Фенеч Адами (Beppe Fenech Adami), парламентский помощник, работающий в Министерстве внутренних дел Мальты, выступили с речью один за другим. Г-жа Мэри Гаэрти (Mary Gaerty) закрыла сессию презентацией Совета женщин на Мальте, являющегося организацией, предназначенной для укрепления самооценки женщин на острове.
Второй день был сосредоточен вокруг работы 8 секций, охватывающих различные аспекты участия граждан на местном и европейском уровне и демонстрирующих средства увеличения такого участия в странах Старого Света. Первая часть была посвящена сотрудничеству между местными органами власти и организациями гражданского общества посредством побратимства городов и децентрализованного сотрудничества. Три секции представляли средства по поощрению участия граждан, например, программа «Европа для граждан», волонтерство и Инициатива граждан Европы (ECI). Г-н Геральд Хефнер (Gerald Häfner), член Европейского Парламента, подчеркнул решающее значение того, что граждане Европы пользуются ECI, чтобы обсудить основные проблемы и задачи, стоящие перед Европой за ее границами. Демократия в Европе будет от этого только сильнее.
Партнеры TIC TAC приняли самое непосредственное участие в данном мероприятии. Например, Общество жителей Leafair организовало мастерскую, демонстрирующую, как они работают в Ирландии по вопросу интеграции людей в местные сообщества, а Центр институционного развития (Македония) представил свои наработки и поделился опытом по увеличению непосредственного участия граждан в процесс принятия решений на местном уровне. Ассоциация европейского партнерства из Болгарии организовала мастерскую по вопросу солидарности между поколениями.
Параллельно работе мастерских была организована ярмарка, где у партнеров TIC TAC был стенд, где они могли продвигать свою деятельность и обмениваться опытом с участниками.
На третий день Антонелла Вальморбида, Директор Ассоциации ALDA, представила стратегию программы «Европа для граждан» на 2014-2020 годы. Это событие закрывалось речью, произнесенной г-ном Коэном (Cohen), Президентом LCA Мальты. Биляна Засова (Biljana Zasova), старший координатор проектов в Ассоциации ALDA, подвела итог этой трехдневной конференции и закрыла мероприятие напоминанием о решающей роли гражданского участия в борьбе за сильную демократию в Европе.

The Coalition of youth organisations SEGA organised the Youth Policy for the City of Skopje Conference in partnership with the City of Skopje, the Regional Council of Lower Normandy and House of Europe in Caen. The Conference is part of the project “Creation of the Local Youth Policy for the City of Skopje”.
The objective of the conference was to provide an overview of the position of the Macedonian youth nowadays, to present the developed youth policies, and to bring to light the entrance of the City of Skopje into the component “Youth” of the decentralised cooperation between Lower Normandy and Macedonia.

The conference was officially opened by Mr. Koce Trajanovski, Mayor of the City of Skopje, in the presence of a large audience including young people, high school professors, NGOs, youth policymakers, Mayors from Lower Normandy and media. The Mayor of the City of Skopje expressed his pleasure at hosting the first conference dedicated to young people, organised in partnership with SEGA. He underlined that the new Local Youth Strategy of the City of Skopje will meet the needs of the young people, and that it will also stimulate youngsters to become active citizens.
The Mayors from Lower Normandy presented their local youth policies and underlined the importance of the decentralised cooperation for improving the already established practices.
In the first part of the conference the youth policymakers talked about the current situation and the plans for the future and afterwards, the young people together with the high school professors and the local NGOs worked in groups on different topic according to the National Youth Strategy priorities.
Subsequently, working groups will be created on local level in order to offer young people opportunity to express themselves and to propose solutions to problems that emerge.
For more information on the decentralised cooperation between Lower Normandy and Macedonia please consult the сайтом of the cooperation or contact Katica Janeva at katica.janeva@aldaintranet.org.

The “Civil society in action for dialogue and partnerships” project launched a call for written contributions for the project publication on: “municipal co-operation agreements in Bosnia and Herzegovina – from memorandum of understanding to local practice”. Deadline for submission of the written papers is the 23rd of November 2012.
Download here the call:   

Invited to submit the papers are local CSO-s participating in advocacy actions and implementation of municipal co-operation agreements, local research and think – tank groups, NGO practitioners, LG experts and scholars from Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The papers should fall into the following categories coinciding with the main thematic Chapters of the publication (Collection of the written Contributions) which will be published within this project and thematic workshops of the closing conference.
Selected papers will be published and presented at the international conference which will be held in the city of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, end of April 2013.
Thematic workshops of the conference are:
1)    Effective and responsive performances/service delivery of local self-governments in co-operation with local civil society: challenges and perspectives of democratic participation at local level in Bosnia and Herzegovina
2)    Implementation of municipal co-operation agreements – from memorandum of understanding to local practice (case study approach)
3)     The role of CSO-s and their issue – based networking  in  democratic reform process furthering the EU integration of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Particular attention will be given to implementing municipal agreements in areas of democratic governance and participation in policy/decision making, local community development, the empowerment of youth and women’s groups, improvements in environment protection.
The written contributions in Bosnian or English (5-8 pages in length, MS Word – Times Roman 12 fonts size) should be submitted to the following e-mail address before 23rd November 2012:
ldamostar@aldaintranet.org; and stanka.parac@aldaintranet.org.
The authors of selected papers will be invited to participate in the closing conference in Mostar (end of April 2013) and will be reimbursed as key-note speakers and local experts.
For any further information please contact the following project partners:
Dzenana Dedic : Local Democracy Agency, Mostar: ldamostar@aldaintranet.org
Emina Babovic, Forum gradjana Tuzla:  fgt-urbana@forumtz.com
Stanka Parac Damjanovic, ALDA: stanka.parac@aldaintranet.org

From October 25 to October 27 three TANDEM seminars and trainings took place in Belarus. On October 25 ALDA, the Lev Sapieha Foundation, the Latvian Association of Local and Regional Governments and Gulbene Municipality visited Golshany municipality to see the museum on the Struve Geodetic Arc that has been created as part of the partnership project “Arc: Uniting people and cultures” that was funded by TANDEM. The guests were also introduced to the virtual museum on the Arc, which can be visited здесь.

On October 26, a seminar on Forms of citizen participation in the decision-making process at the local level was organised in Braslav. At the seminar Mrs. Mudite Priede, Secretary General of the Latvian Association of Local and Regional Governments (LALRG) told about citizen participation in Latvia and the work of LALRG in representing the Latvian municipalities at the national level and in negotiations with the Latvian government. Mrs. Guna Švika and Mr. Alvils Pētersons from Gulbene municipality told about the work Gulbene municipality conducts to involve citizens in the work of the municipalities. The participations also learned about the possibilities for citizen participation in Belarus, such as for instance local referenda and territorial self-government bodies. However, despite the legal provisions for these forms of participation the possibilities are very rarely used. The seminar was part of the European Local Democracy week. Representatives from the Regional council in Vitebsk oblast took part in the seminar together with the project managers of projects receiving grants under TANDEM.
On October 27, a training was organised on the topic “From project management to organisational development” to support the subgranted projects in their strategic planning to turn their projects and initiatives into more sustainable structures that could become viable in the long term.
The TANDEM project is supported by the European Union’s Non-State Actors and Local Authorities in Development programme and will be implemented by ALDA together with the Lev Sapieha Foundation and the Belarusian Organisation for Working Women and will last until first half of 2013. There is more information about the project and the subgranted projects здесь.

Mr Jimmy Magro, Executive Secretary of the Local Councils’ Association of Malta, has been elected by the Members of WTD Alliance co-chair of the Alliance for LAs.
Mr Jimmy Magro has been appointed for a period of 10 months.

Mr Magro stated
“I am delighted to have received the support of the organisations forming part of the WTD Project to be elected as co-chair.  This is a project that has high value-added for the partners and the EU.  I shall endeavour to give my utmost to see that the project continues on the success road and that the members of the WTD Alliance will always find me when they need my assistance.”
The Alliance is now in the process of selecting a representative of CSOs among the WTD Alliance to be elected as co-chair for CSOs. The election will be made in December in Paris during the WTD International Conference “Human Rights and Intercultural Dialogue”, hosted by CIDEM.

LDA Niš is local partner of a nationwide project “Initiative for monitoring social policy”, implemented by Coalition of Contact Civil Society Organizations (KOCD) and supported by the Norwegian Embassy in Belgrade. The project aims to strengthen the capacities of civil society organizations and develop a sustainable mechanism for monitoring the implementation of social policy in Serbia, with a focus on the needs and rights of seven vulnerable groups: children, youth, women, elderly, people with disabilities, migrants and Roma.

For the purposes of this project, Civic Initiatives from Belgrade is in the role of Lead Partner and Association for Development of Children and Youth – Open Club from Nis coordinates activities of monitoring the measures of social policy concerning children.
As a local partner organization, LDA Niš, after participating in the training for research teams, is currently conducting field research on the foster care service, and cross-sector services for children, focusing on cooperation between the Centre for Social Welfare and Elementary School in Nis.
The collected results will be analyzed and presented to the public both on local and national level by the end of the year.

L’ADL NIS PARTNER LOCALE DEL PROGETTO NAZIONALE SERBO “INIZIATIVE PER IL  MONITORAGGIO DELLE POLITICHE SOCIALI”

L’ADL Niš è partner locale del progetto che copre l’intera nazione serba “Iniziative per il monitoraggio delle politiche sociali”, attuato dalla Coalizione KOCD, Contatto delle Organizzazioni della Società Civile, e sostenuto dall’Ambasciata norvegese a Belgrado.
Il progetto ha l’obiettivo di rafforzare le capacità delle organizzazioni della società civile e sviluppare un meccanismo sostenibile per il monitoraggio dell’attuazione delle politiche sociali in Serbia, con particolare attenzione ai bisogni ed ai diritti di sette gruppi vulnerabili: bambini, giovani, donne, anziani, disabili, immigrati e Rom.
“Civic Initiatives” di Belgrado è il Lead Partner del progetto e L’Associazione per lo sviluppo di bambini e giovani – Open Club di Nis coordina le attività di monitoraggio delle misure delle politiche sociali riguardanti i bambini. In qualità di partner locale, l’ADL Nis, dopo aver partecipato alla formazione del team di ricerca, sta conducendo una ricerca sul campo sui servizi di affidamento e sui servizi incrociati per i bambini, focalizzando sulla cooperazione tra il Centro del welfare sociale e le scuole elementari di Nis. I risultati raccolti saranno analizzati e presentati al pubblico a livello locale e nazionale antro la fine dell’anno.

L’ADL de Niš est un partenaire local du projet national serbe « Initiative pour la surveillance de la mise en œuvre de la politique sociale »

L’agence de la démocratie locale (ADL) de Niš est le partenaire local du projet national « Initiative pour la surveillance de la mise en œuvre de la politique sociale », réalisé par la Coalition des Organisations de Contact de la Société Civile (KOCD) et soutenu par l’Ambassade de Norvège à Belgrade. Le projet vise à renforcer les capacités des organisations de la société civile et à développer un système durable de surveillance de la mise en œuvre de la politique sociale en Serbie. Le projet est surtout concentré sur les besoins et les droits de sept entités vulnérables : enfants, jeunes, femmes, personnes âgées, personnes handicapées, migrants et Roms.

L’association « Civic Initiatives » de Belgrade est le partenaire principal tandis que l’ « Association for Development of Children and Youth – Open Club » de Niš coordonne les activités de surveillance des mesures de la politique sociale relatives aux enfants.
L’ADL Niš a préalablement participé à une formation sur les équipes de recherche et, en tant qu’organisme partenaire, effectue actuellement une recherche de terrain sur les services d’adoption, les services intersectoriels pour les enfants et se concentre sur la coopération entre le Centre de protection sociale et les écoles primaires de Niš.
Les résultats récoltés seront analysés et présentés au public aux niveaux local et national vers la fin de l’année.

АГЕНТСТВО МЕСТНОЙ ДЕМОКРАТИИ Г. НИШ – МЕСТНЫЙ ПАРТНЕР СЕРБСКОГО НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ПРОЕКТА «ИНИЦИАТИВА ПО МОНИТОРИНГУ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ»

Агентство местной демократии в г. Ниш является местным партнером национального проекта «Инициатива по мониторингу социальной политики», реализуемого Коалицией-координатором организаций гражданского общества (KOCD) и поддерживаемого Посольством Норвегии в Белграде. Цель проекта – усиление возможностей организаций гражданского общества и разработка стабильного механизма мониторинга реализации социальной политики в Сербии с упором на потребности и права семи уязвимых групп: детей, молодежи, женщин, престарелых, людей с ограниченными возможностями, мигрантов и цыган.

В контексте данного проекта организация «Гражданский инициативы» из Белграда выполняет роль ведущего партнера, а Ассоциация по вопросам развития детей и молодежи «Открытый клуб» из г. Ниш координирует действия по мониторингу мер  социальной политики в отношении детей.
Будучи местной партнерской организацией, агентство местной демократии г. Ниш после участия в тренинге для исследовательских групп в настоящее время проводит исследование на местах патронатной службы и межотраслевых услуг для детей, обратив особое внимание на сотрудничество между Центром социального обеспечения и начальной школой в г. Ниш.
Собранные результаты к концу года будут проанализированы и представлены общественности как на местном, так и на национальном уровне.